Step into the enchanting world of fall with the captivating beauty of ornamental cabbage. As the autumn breeze ushers in a symphony of warm hues, these vibrant members of the Brassica oleracea family take center stage in your garden. This cool-season annual, a delightful departure from its edible counterparts, transforms outdoor spaces into a visual feast. Discover the secrets of cultivating these ornamental gems in our comprehensive guide. We'll show you how to grow and take care of ornamental cabbage step by step. With their breathtaking foliage, meticulously bred for aesthetics rather than taste, these plants promise to be the showstoppers of your fall landscape.
Understanding Ornamental Cabbage and Kale
Ornamental cabbage and kale, classified under the species Brassica oleracea, are cool-season biennials. Despite the fact that these plants typically produce vegetative leaves in the initial year and flowers and seeds in the second year, they are commonly grown as annuals due to their dazzling foliage. Their leaves form rosettes of purple, rose, and creamy white colors, resembling large flowers rather than vegetables. The varieties with smooth leaf margins and broad, flat leaves are often referred to as flowering cabbages, while those with serrated or fringed leaf margins are considered flowering kales. It's important to note that both are kales, as kale has leaves that form rosettes, while a true cabbage has leaves that form a head.
Planting Ornamental Cabbage
Ornamental cabbage thrives in full sun, although partial afternoon shade is ideal in warmer climates. These plants prefer rich loamy soil with medium moisture and good drainage. A slightly acidic soil pH ranging from 5.5 to 6.5 is optimal. Before planting, prepare the soil by incorporating organic matter and ensuring it is well-draining.
To start growing ornamental cabbage, you have two options: using nursery starts or growing from seed. Nursery starts provide a head start and are available in a variety of colors. Plant them in the fall or early spring, and remove them from the garden after the seasonal display is concluded.
If you prefer to grow from seed, start them indoors about eight weeks before the last expected frost date for spring plants. For fall displays, start the seeds around July 1 and transplant the seedlings into the garden in mid-August.
Ornamental Cabbage Care
Watering
Ornamental cabbage requires consistent moisture, but not soggy soil. Keep the plants well-watered, ensuring the soil remains consistently moist. Water whenever the top inch of soil feels dry. If your area receives regular rainfall, supplemental watering may not be necessary. However, during dry spells, be prepared to provide additional water. Aim for about 1 inch of water, including rainfall and irrigation, while avoiding overwatering.
Temperature and Humidity
To achieve the most vibrant color, ornamental cabbage needs a good chill from frost. They can withstand temperatures as low as 5 degrees Fahrenheit, but may suffer damage from sharp drops. Hot temperatures and long daylight exposure can cause the plants to bolt and go to seed prematurely. While humidity is generally not an issue, poor air circulation in damp weather can lead to fungal diseases, which manifest as spots on the leaves.
Fertilization
Ornamental cabbage and kale benefit from a balanced fertilizer applied at planting time. Avoid fertilizing while the plants are actively growing, as this can diminish their color and result in leggy growth. A single application of fertilizer at the beginning of the growing season should be sufficient.
Pests and Diseases
Like their edible counterparts, ornamental cabbage and kale are susceptible to pests such as cabbage worms, cabbage loopers, flea beetles, caterpillars, thrips, slugs, and aphids. Regular inspection and prompt action can help control these pests. Insecticidal soaps, horticultural oils, or appropriate pesticides can be used to manage infestations.
Common disease problems include leaf spots, blackleg, black rot, and yellows, which are more likely to occur in damp conditions. Maintaining good air circulation and practicing proper watering techniques can help prevent these diseases. In case of fungal infections, early application of fungicides may be necessary.
Choosing the Right Variety
While there isn't an extensive variety of ornamental cabbage and kale available for home gardeners, you can choose from a few popular options:
- Chidori' ornamental kale: This variety features curly leaf edges with leaves in shades of purple, creamy white, or deep magenta.
- Color Up' ornamental cabbage: These plants grow upright with green leaves and centers in white, pink, or fuchsia.
- Osaka' ornamental cabbage: Known for its large, smooth leaves, this variety showcases center colors of pink, red, or white and typically stays compact.
- Peacock' ornamental kale: Resembling edible kale, this variety has loose growth and deeply serrated leaves in shades of red, purple, or white.
- Pigeon' series ornamental cabbage: With a flattened shape and red or white centers, this variety adds an interesting touch to any garden.
Using Ornamental Cabbage in Your Landscape
Ornamental cabbage and kale make a stunning impact when planted in large groupings or used as edging for garden beds. Their purplish hues blend well with other fall colors, making them an excellent companion for chrysanthemums, asters, and ornamental grasses. They also work beautifully in window boxes, containers, and pots. When left in the garden, these plants can withstand winter conditions and remain attractive until repeated hard frosts cause them to wilt.
With their vibrant foliage and easy cultivation, ornamental cabbage is a fantastic addition to any fall garden. Follow the step-by-step instructions provided in this guide to successfully grow and care for these stunning plants. Remember to choose the right variety, provide adequate sunlight and water, and be vigilant against pests and diseases. With proper care, your ornamental cabbage will thrive, adding a touch of beauty and color to your garden throughout the fall season.
Watch How to Start Ornamental Cabbage Indoors
Want to Grow Ornamental Cabbage!
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